'Summary: Conifers and Ferny plant'

'\nPlants belong to the Department of gymnosperms (Pinophyta) take issue from all other(a) representatives of flora that maturate semens . And all root plants like the gymnosperms and heyday plants atomic number 18 heterosporous . This means that disputes they 2 different types - microspores ( manful spores) and megaspores ( effeminate spores) . First put on rise to the male gametophyte , and the second - distaff . In this respect, spill\nplants do non differ from those raznosporovyh besemennyh plants as selaginella , polushnik , marsileya or Salvinia . Nevertheless, between them there are very substantial differences.\nWhile the Brobdingnagian majority of high plants cumed megaspory exculpate from megasporangiya , in author plants mature their provided megaspory remains permanently enclosed at bottom megasporangiya and here, within megaspory , is the suppuration of the female gametophyte and stuffing process . A step in this direction rump be seen in hetero sporous seedless plants. Thus, in roughly species selaginelly megaspory remains in boldness megasporangiya and after salad dressing until significant instruction of the embryo , and fifty-fifty young\nplantlets . promote approximation to the seed plants observed in some nonextant Lycopodiales , for subject in burn deliveries miadesmiya (Miadesmia) and lepidokarpon (Lepidocarpon), which was ring by megasporangy cover of grumose sporofilloida (or lateral processes ) .\nThis is as close as possible to the seed, plainly it is rather the fundamental law of an analog than homologue seed. genuinely seed appears entirely in gymnosperms , though much preceding than plants such as miadesmiya and lepidokarpon . Unlike seed Lycopodiales megasporangy in seed plants surrounded by a special evasive cover called integument . He knows quite a different rail line than the bedspread or megasporangiev miadesmii lepitokarbona .\nMegasporangy with the surrounding entegumentom called ovul es or ovules . Its really the beginning of the seed from which the seed develops after bandaging .\nPollen grains all sagovnikovyh short , broadly , boat-shaped and establish one on the distal side of the furrow.'